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Undergraduate Calendar
Fall 2018

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POLITICAL SCIENCE: COURSES

Political Science 45-100, 45-130, and 45-160 are required of all general and four-year Honours students. It is recommended that these be taken in the first year or as corequisite with 200-level courses. Four-year Honours students are advised where possible to complete 02-250 and 45-275 during their second year. Non-majors wishing to enrol in particular courses may do so except where specific prerequisites are stated. Not all courses will necessarily be offered each year. All courses are three hours a week unless otherwise indicated.

45-100. Introduction to Canadian Government and Politics
An introduction to the politics and government of Canada. The course will focus on political culture, the constitution, federalism, the executive, parliament, public service, courts, political parties, interest groups, and elections. (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)

45-120. Space, Place, and Scale: Foundations of Human Geography
An introduction to foundational concepts and approaches in the study of human geography, emphasizing the way social, political, economic, and environmental systems shape and are shaped by patterns of geographic and spatial organization.

45-130. Comparative Politics in a Changing World
Introduces students to issues such as democracy, authoritarianism, nationalism, political culture, and how political power is organized. The course focuses on the democratic states of the West, but also examines non-democratic states such as China and the transitional democracies of Eastern Europe. (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)

45-160. Introduction to International Relations
An examination of competing perspectives on international relations and of such critical themes as power, security, war, imperialism, nationalism, interdependence, development and underdevelopment, human rights, environmental concerns, and the quest for a new world order. (3 lecture hours or 2 lecture hours, 1 tutorial hour a week.)

45-170. Introduction to Diaspora Studies: There's No Place Like Home
This course introduces students to diasporas-scattered populations living in exile from their ancestral homelands. The course focuses on the significance of migration, exile, belonging, and nostalgia (for ancestral homelands) for diasporas throughout the world. Students submit projects (incorporating oral histories, for example) on the diaspora of their choice. (Also offered as Diaspora Studies 35-170 and Languages, Literatures and Cultures 06-170)

45-201. Current Issues in Canadian Politics
An examination of one or more current issues in Canadian politics, for example, energy and resources, the environment, native peoples, aging, women's rights, urban problems, and health care. (Prerequisite: one of 45-100 or 45-130.).

45-203. Quebec Politics and Society [French]
This course, which is taught in French, introduces students to political life in the province of Quebec, with a focus on the structure and functions of governing institutions, political culture and ideology, and the origins of key political traditions and practices. Topics may include the origins and evolution of Québécois nationalism, the unique position of Quebec in Canadian federalism, provincial policy initiatives to protect and extend the French language in the public sphere, and external relations with Canada and the international community.

45-204. Issues in Quebec Politics [French]
This course, which is taught in French, examines major historical and contemporary political issues in the province of Quebec. Topics may include the patriation of the Canadian constitution, the Quiet Revolution, the FLQ crisis, referenda on Quebec sovereignty, and current public policy issues such as immigration and the environment.

45-205. Contemporary Canadian Political Issues [French]
This course, which is taught in French, examines contemporary issues in Canadian politics. Topics may include, for example, constitutional change, Aboriginal peoples, demographic shifts, the environment, health care and immigration.

45-211. Women and Politics
An introduction to the principal themes in the study of women in Canadian politics. Topics may include: feminist theory, women in Canadian political institutions, the status of women in the Canadian economy, and gender equality rights in the Charter. (Also offered as Women's and Gender Studies 53-211).

45-212. Environmental Policy and Politics
The course examines the domestic and international context of environmental policy-making in Canada. Topics examined may include global warming, Great Lakes pollution, and endangered species.

45-213. Public Opinion, Mass Media and Canadian Democracy
An evaluation of the relationship between public opinion and democratic politics, how opinions, beliefs and attitudes are shaped by the family, educational system, peer groups, and in particular, mass media. Particular attention will be devoted to the role of the mass media in influencing public opinion and public policy.

45-214. Legal Process in Canada
An introduction to the legal system in Canada, including the sources of Canadian law, the general concepts of constitutional and administrative law, the court structure, and the study and practice of law. (Prerequisite: one of 45-100, 45-130, or 45-212)

45-220. Introduction to Public Administration
This course introduces students to the political science sub-field of public administration. Building on classical theories of organization, it examines the institutions of government, the dynamics of public sector management, and the relationship between elected officials and administrators in the political system. (Prerequisite: on of 45-100 or 45-212, consent of instructor.)

45-221. Canadian Public Administration and Policy
An introduction to the processes of public policy formation in Canada. Includes an analysis of political/bureaucratic relationships, decision making theory, and the role of interest groups in the context of selected contemporary policy issues. (Prerequisite: 45-220 or consent of instructor.)

45-232. Government and Politics of the United States
The organization and structure of national government in the United States, with emphasis upon congressional/executive relationships, political parties, and the electoral process.

45-233. Politics of the Developing World
An examination of the politics of developing areas, with a focus on economic and political development, ethnic conflict and the role of overseas development assistance in building government institutions. In given years, emphasis may be on Africa, Asia or Latin America and the Caribbean.

45-235. Government and Politics in the Middle East
The course provides an overview of the politics of the contemporary Middle East. Particular attention will be paid to state and regime formation, the legitimacy of Middle Eastern governments, state society interaction, the nature of the opposition, and prospects for democratization and improvements to human rights.

45-241. Contemporary African Politics
Characteristic domestic and international problems of African states south of the Sahara, including resource scarcity, ethnic diversity, political stability, and relations with the Great Powers.

45-244. Government and Politics in Europe
Examines contemporary issues such as democratic development, nationalism, and regionalism, immigration and racism, the status of women, social welfare programs, and the consolidation and expansion of the European Union.

45-245. Contemporary Issues in International Relations
This class will focus on some of the key contemporary issues in international relations. Students are expected to have some background knowledge of world politics, particularly developments in the last few decades. Issues to be examined may include economic globalization and its effects, the future of the state system, capitalism (and its challengers) as a model of economic production, development assistance, the US role in global politics, Iran’s nuclear program, and climate change. [The pre-requisite for the class is 45-160 (Introduction to International Relations].

45-248. The political economy of mass media
This course will explore the role of media as a political force in democratic societies. Corporate media’s role in politics and governance is the starting point for looking at what role media play in North American political culture. Communication policy, the role of public relations and advertising, and the exercise of power among the media. political realm and the general public are examined.

45-249. Political Economy of Agriculture and Food
Critical examination of shifts in the political economy of agriculture and food, focusing on political, economic, social, and environmental changes occurring in and affecting agro-food production and consumption systems.

45-251. Classical Political Thought
An introduction to the history of political thought from the ancient Greeks to the end of the Middle Ages. Topics may include human nature, justice, natural law, and the relationship between Church and State.
(Prerequisites: 45-100 and one of 45-130 or 45-160.)

45-252. Modern Political Thought
Toward the new science of politics from Machiavelli to Rousseau and the French Revolution.

45-255. The Politics of Music
This course will explore the relationship between music and politics. Historical perspectives and critical popular culture theory will inform a look at the rise of politically themed music, how the music industry deals with political themes in music, music and social movements, and music as hate politics, music and patriotism.

45-260. Politics, History, and Asian Religions
An introduction to Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Shinto, with attention to their role in history and politics.

45-261. Politics, History, and Western Religions
An introduction to Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Islam, and BaHai, with attention to their role in history and politics.

45-264. Introduction to Canadian Foreign Policy
An overview of the formulation and trends of Canadian foreign policy from World War I to the present, together with an examination of the domestic and external determinants of Canadian foreign policy and of the foreign policy making process. (Prerequisite: 45-100, or 45-160, or consent of instructor.)

45-267. Strategic Studies
An examination of the theories, tools, and concepts that explain war and how international violence can be used for political ends. The focus will be primarily on the modern state system, especially on the post-WWII environment. Among topics to be addressed are theories of war, deterrence, arms control, the "democratic peace" thesis, and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of the instructor.)

45-268. International Organizations
An introduction to the problems and possibilities of international co-operation and global governance among states and non-state actors. The course will provide a survey of various international organizations. These may include the United Nations, NATO, the European Union, and NAFTA. The role of non-governmental organizations in world politics is also examined. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-270. Information Searching and Analysis
This course is designed to help students become better at analyzing and critiquing information from a variety of sources. We will take a critical look at internet searching and learn to use those resources in more intelligent ways. The focus will be on researching a topic through both the internet and more traditional sources Students will learn how to assess the information contained in websites and how to assess a variety of things which appear as information.

45-275. Introduction to Research Methods
Introduces students to quantitative and qualitative social research. Looks at how surveys and focus groups are used and abused for political and commercial purposes. Examines what field and archival research can teach us about human behaviour and social, political, and economic trends. (Prerequisite: 02-250.)

45-288. Selected Topics: Current Political Issues
Selected topics based on current political issues. Topics may vary from year to year. (May be repeated for credit if content changes.)

45-309. Canadian Provincial Government
A comparative study of provincial governments and politics in Canada including an examination of the powers exercised by provinces, the institutions of provincial government and the behaviour of provincial electorates and politicians. In given terms, Ontario, Quebec, the Atlantic or the Western provinces may be given particular attention. (Prerequisite: 45-100 or consent of instructor.)

45-314. Constitutional Law and Politics in Canada
The nature and purpose of constitution and major issues in Canadian constitutional politics. Topics may include judicial review, the development of human rights law in Canada, and the impact of the Charter of Rights on Canadian politics and government. (Prerequisite: 45-214 or consent of instructor.)

45-320. Political Parties and Elections
An analysis of the development and functions of parties and of the social, psychological, and political influences on voting in Canada.

45-321. The Legislative Process
An introduction to representative democracy, parliamentary behaviour, and legislative process. May include role-playing exercises and a simulation of the Federal House of Commons.

45-323. Government and Business
An introduction to the intricate relationship of government to business. Included are: government services to business; business and policy development; and regulation and/or de-regulation and regulatory agencies. (Prerequisite: 45-100 or consent of instructor.)

45-324. Public Infrastructure
This course examines the role of the public sector in the ownership and operation of major capital facilities for transportation, water, sanitation, electric power, health care and education. Topics include alternative funding mechanisms, environmental impacts and regulations, public consultation and the influence of political interest groups, and the role of infrastructure in the economy. The course also provides an introduction to analytical methods used to support infrastructure decision-making.

45-326. Local Government
An introduction to the politics and administration of local government. Topics include local political structure, relationships between municipalities and other levels of government, public policy-making, and current challenges facing local officials. (Prerequisite: 45-100)

45-335. Political Geography
A systematic examination of the relationship between politics, power, and geography, with focus on the political meanings, uses, and representations of geographic space, and the significance of geography for understanding the organization and exercise of political power at local, regional, and global scales. (prerequisites: 45-120).

45-346. Asian Government and Politics
Comparative analysis of institutions and political processes of Southeast Asia, South Asia, China, or Japan.

45-351. Topics in Political Thought
The study of selected topics in political thought and theory. Students are recommended to take 45-251 or 45-252 before taking this course.

45-354. Political Problems of Economic Development
The course takes a comprehensive approach to the study of economic development, drawing connections between theory (including development paradigms) and practice. In given years, the focus may be on South-East Asia, Central Asia, Africa, China, Eastern Europe, or Latin America. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-355. Political Economy of International Trade
An examination of the most prevalent dilemmas facing the global trading system. The main focus is on the World Trade Organization and its global agreements on goods, agriculture, services and intellectual property. Additional topics include regional trade blocs, international trade in money, foreign direct investment, and environmental and labour issues. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-356. Theories of International Political Economy
An examination of the major theoretical perspectives in the field of international political economy. This course will cover both classical and modern theories, including mercantilism, liberalism, Marxism, feminism and post-modernism. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of Instructor.)

45-360. International Conflict and Its Resolution
The nature of conflict and how it is managed in the international community; explicit and tacit bargaining strategies and techniques of conflict resolution. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-361. U.S. Foreign Policy
The United States policy-making process and the substance of policy in relation to the former communist world, developing countries, and allies such as Canada and Western Europe.

45-363. Principles of International Law
An introduction to the role of international law in international relations, this course will consider the role of justice in the international system and will examine the basic principles of modern international law, including sources, subjects, and procedures. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-365. The Middle East in International Relations
The nature and causes of the various conflicts in the region, the role of outside powers and international organizations, and the prospects for conflict resolution. (Prerequisite: 45-160 or consent of instructor.)

45-367. The Politics of the European Union
Examines the development and operation of the European Union. Key issues on the agenda of the European Union are examined, including: the introduction of the single currency; the development of a common foreign and security policy; and the possible enlargement of the European Union. The extent to which the European Union challenges existing state structures is examined throughout the course.

45-372. Religious Fundamentalism and Politics
A study of the modern concept of religious fundamentalism, with case studies of the interface of fundamentalism and politics in North America, Europe, Africa and Asia.

45-378. Promotional Culture and Democracy
This course focuses on the role promotional culture plays in democratic processes. Moving beyond classical conceptions of propaganda, promotional culture incorporates a range of tactics and strategies used to persuade citizens or sell to consumers. While political and issue advertising play increasingly large roles, the interplay between journalism and promotional culture will also be a nexus of concern for the course. (Prerequisite: 45-100)

45-379. Politics and Culture
An examination of political themes as reflected in different forms of popular culture, including cinema and the media. Topics may include: war and cinema, and how commercial interests are portrayed in mass media. While the course may focus on different forms of cultural expression, the emphasis will be on understanding and evaluating how politically relevant themes are influenced and shaped for the mass public.

45-393. Public Service Management Internship Seminar
A critical examination of selected theories and concepts applicable to research and management practices in the public sector. (Admission by consent of a program advisor.) (Must be taken concurrently with 45-492.)

45-399. Practicum in Government and Politics
Practical work in the office of an elected or appointed official, with oral and written reports to the supervising faculty member. (To be taken only with permission of instructor and a program advisor in Political Science.)

45-411. Canadian Politics: Participation and Processes
A review of current literature on topics that may include parties, elections, voting behaviour, pressure groups, representation, new social movements, public opinion, and ideologies. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors.)

45-412. Canadian Federalism
A review of current literature and development on such topics as federalism, intergovernmental relations, and the role of Quebec. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors.)

45-421. Seminar in Canadian Public Policy
A detailed analysis of the Canadian public policy process. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-422. Seminar in Public Policy Analysis
A survey of the evaluative side of public policy including formulation, adoption, program operations and evaluation techniques.(Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors.)

45-431. Seminar in Comparative Politics
A comparative examination of national political systems emphasizing areas such as political culture, political parties, elites, and interest groups. In given terms, the focus may be on industrialized or developing countries. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-434. Seminar in Politics of the United States
An analysis of selected topics in United States politics and government. May include an examination of foreign perspectives on U.S. politics, Canadian-U.S. relations, parties and elections, civil liberties and civil rights, or other important topics in United States politics. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors.)

45-440. Remaking North America: Geographic Perspectives on US-Canada Politics
The political geography of the United States and Canada, in regional and global context, focusing on the political, cultural, and economic factors and processes shaping the two countries’ internal political character, external relations, and bilateral relationship. Topics covered may include regional political cultures in the US and Canada, political and economic integration under NAFTA, American and Canadian electoral geographies, comparative analysis of immigration policy, and the meaning of the US/Canada border in the context of globalization. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors. Students are recommended to take 45-120 before taking this course).

45-441. The New Scramble for African Resources
This course examines the evolving political and economic relationships between countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world. As Africa moves from a “forgotten” continent to a “rising” one in the eyes of foreign policy analysts and the global business community, this course re-examines Africa's role in international relations and international security. Through the lens of the "new scramble for Africa", the course will examine contemporary issues such as land, oil and minerals before focusing specifically on case studies of Africa's changing relations with the world. (Prerequisites: 45-160, 45-241 or consent of instructor. Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-451. Seminar in Contemporary Political Theory
An examination of selected topics in political theory, with special emphasis on the literature of the twentieth century. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-461. Seminar in Theories of International Relations
A survey of competing perspectives and approaches employed in the contemporary study of international relations. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors)

45-462. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Research in International Relations
A research oriented seminar that will encourage the use of interdisciplinary perspectives in the examination of selected problems in international relations.(Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-464. International Political Economy
An overview of the major theoretical perspectives and issues in international political economy. Issues addressed may include: international trade, foreign investment and multinational corporations, international monetary institutions, and crisis and change in the international system. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)


45-465. Seminar in Globalization
A critical overview of major theories, debates, and case studies related to the politics of globalization. Specific topics addressed may include changes in the nature of state sovereignty, the creation and regulation of a global economy, and cultural change and resistance. (Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors. Students are recommended to take 45-120 before taking this course).

45-488. Selected Topics in Political Science
Topics of current interest which may vary from year to year. (May be repeated for credit with the permission of a program advisor in Political Science.)(Restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors.)

45-492. Public Service Management Internship Practicum
Supervised work experience in a public service management environment. (Admission only by consent of program advisor.) (Offered on a Pass/Non-pass basis only.) (Must be taken concurrently with 45-393.)

45-495. Advanced Topics in Canadian Foreign Policy
This seminar will focus on issues that are driving the contemporary Canadian foreign policy agenda. Members of the seminar will read and discuss recent research on topics including Canada’s defence and security policy, trade and aid policies, environmental record, as well as more recent foreign policy initiatives. Students are expected to learn through active participation in the class. Students are also expected to have some background knowledge of both Canadian history and Canadian government and politics. The course is restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors. Students must have taken 45-160 (Introduction to International Relations) before taking this course. While not a pre-requisite, it is also recommended that students take 45-264 (Introduction to Canadian Foreign Policy) before this class, although the instructor will permit students into the course without it.

45-496. Advanced Topics in International Security
This seminar will focus on issues that are driving the contemporary fields of strategic and security studies. Members of the seminar will read and discuss recent research on topics including Canadian and American defence and security policy, proliferation, the arms trade, energy security, and changes in military strategy. Students are expected to learn through active participation in the class. Students are also expected to have some background knowledge of global politics and some understanding of recent conflict. The course is restricted to Semester 7 and 8 Political Science majors and Semester 7 and 8 International Relations majors. [Students must have taken 45-160 (Introduction to International Relations) before taking this class. While not a pre-requisite, it is also recommended that students take 45-267 (Strategic Studies) before this class, although the instructor will permit students into the course without it. ]

45-499. Directed Reading in an Approved Special Field
Intended for students with special interest in areas not covered in sufficient depth by other courses. (To be taken only with permission of instructor and a program advisor in Political Science.)
(May be repeated for credit if content changes.)


BORDER MANAGEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: COURSES

69-300. The Global Business Environment and Intercultural Aspects of Integrative Trade
The aim of this course is to provide each learner with an overview of the role of border agencies and the principles of border management. This course raises participants’ awareness of the intricacies involved in the communication process with various government agencies, border officials, and business partners and equips participants with specific techniques for effective communication in a variety of business situations. Attentiveness to the ethical dimension of business in a global setting is cultivated within each learner and decision-making models for resolving ethical dilemmas are utilized. The integrative trade approach is introduced within a cross-border and international trade environment and intercultural aspects of such trade are considered. In particular, learners focus on recognizing, understanding, and respecting differences in trading practices due to cultural influences. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-310. International Trade Law, Policy and the Political Environment
This course focuses on how to use the border, by discussing practical implications of cross-border trade from various stakeholders’ perspectives, including government, business professionals, and entrepreneurs. This course provides learners with a contextual understanding of policy and the political environment in international trade while exploring practical implications for border users. Topics explored include existing legal mechanisms that govern international trade, including corporate law, tax law, and trade compliance practice s. Emphasis is placed on understanding the risks associated with integrative trade and developing contingency strategies to protect organizations. The course engages learners on an individual basis to develop and share their diverse perspectives. Learners will benefit from an array of guest speakers from the Government of Canada, stressing the importance of the tools, access, and support needed to reach and succeed in global markets. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-315. Supply Chain and Border Management
In this course, participants will gain an in-depth understanding of customs procedures and services offered by freight forwarders and customs brokers. This course aims to help learners manage the relationships associated with multiple directional flows of goods and services in a complex, global system. Learners increase their understanding of existing, and evolving, rules and regulations that govern international trade to ensure compliance for the international import/export of goods and services. Learners also develop technical and systems knowledge pertaining to transportation modes, distribution, and logistics. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-320. International Business Development, Operations and Planning
In this course, learners gain essential knowledge and skills to expand a business internationally. Key considerations and activities for international business are explored alongside cross-border opportunities and challenges. Correspondingly, learners develop core competencies in business planning, understanding the roles of government agencies, managing strategic alliances, working with multinational workforces, and identifying different sources of funding. Relationships between funding initiatives, government policy, and an organization’s objectives are examined. Course participants utilize tools to develop growth-focused business and entrepreneurial strategies that reflect a dynamic understanding of rules and regulations that govern international trade – equipping the manager/entrepreneur with the ability to tackle international business growth in accordance with trade compliance for effective and seamless flow of cross-border goods and services. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-325. International Investment and Growth Strategy
This course equips learners with the tools to identify and evaluate market entry options against a company’s objectives and abilities. Participants learn how to perform a company strategic-needs assessment and determine potential barriers to market entry. Barriers such as regulatory, legal, political, environmental, and cultural vary by case; in turn, a custom, multi-faceted market entry strategy needs to be designed for each case, inclusive of these considerations. The role of free trade agreements and foreign investment promotion are explored to enhance competition across a range of sectors. Participants learn how to identify potential international partners to help bring a company into foreign markets. Finally, participants learn how to negotiate global partnership agreements, and monitor their compliance, to ensure mutual benefit between parties. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-330. International Trade Compliance
This course equips learners with various tools to plan, and carry out, trade research effectively and efficiently. Research addresses evolving rules and regulations that govern international trade to poise the learner with the necessary skills to inquire into, and stay abreast of, current developments and regulation. To ensure compliance related to the import/export activities of goods and services and, at the same time promote an authentic international business objective, participants learn to use market intelligence to identify the most promising foreign markets and international business opportunities. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-335. International Risk Management and Trade Finance
This course covers the nature and scope of international trade finance. In particular, facilitating trade payment flows across a network of relationships is addressed to ensure effective trade activities. The course topics include the provision of information for a global trade transaction, commercial and country risks that may be encountered during import-export operations, and risk management and mitigation how to manage and mitigate these risks. Risk-mitigation techniques are discussed in terms of legal implications and appropriate practices and the use of these techniques. Participants develop a financial plan for a company’s short-, medium- and long-term needs, including essential data considerations for cash flow analysis. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

69-340. International Marketing and Regulatory Environment
This course identifies the main principles of international marketing and introduces learners to market intelligence, promotional strategies, and e-marketing in order to trade and sell products and/or services globally. Participants learn to recognize the influence of culture, politics, law, and regulatory considerations in international markets alongside building and maintaining international trade relationships with all levels of government. Participants learn why companies must adapt their products and/or services for international markets; in turn, participants prepare a promotional strategy tailored to this objective and the aforementioned considerations in an authentic context. One of the intentions of the course is for participants to develop an international marketing plan designed to assist reaching international marketing and sales goals while considering the domestic and international political contexts that the business operates in. (This is a four-week course. 9 lecture hours/week) (Graded on a pass/fail basis - percentage grade optional.)

In addition to certificate program courses, the Cross-Border Institute is also offering an open access Ontario Online course Introduction to Customs Compliance:
69-200. Introduction to Customs Compliance
This course equips the learner with an overview of evolving customs procedures and regulations applicable to the Canada Customs Act, Customs Tariff Act and Export/Import Permits Act and the necessary skills to inquire into, and stay abreast of, current developments and regulations with respect to import, export and reporting customs clearances. Transactions and accounts based customs procedures are introduced and Canadian procedures are compared with those of other countries. The course provides learners with a basic understanding of goods classification under the Harmonized System Code and knowledge of how to complete the CBSA customs documents while considering multiple perspectives: broker, client, government and other Government of Canada agencies that regulate international trade.